Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)

DMD is caused by a defective gene that makes the protein dystrophin. Dystrophin helps muscle retain their shape and strength. Without dystrophin, muscles deteriorate and a person gets weaker as time progresses. DMD affects males and symptoms usually start between ages 2 and 6. At age 10-12, children with DMD often need to use a wheelchair. DMD may also affect the heart in a negative manner. Those who have DMD may need to be followed closely by a lung and heart specialist. Patients diagnosed with DMD can also develop scoliosis, the curvature of the spine. Their joints may be tightened. As time progresses, their muscles that control breathing get wear. A person may need a ventilator to assist them with breathing.

References: http://www.neurosurgeryresident.net//Mus.%20Muscular,%20Neuromuscular%20disorders/Mus5a.%20Duchenne%20muscular%20dystrophy%20(1).jpg

http://mda.org/disease/duchenne-muscular-dystrophy

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000705.htm